Evgeniy D. Prudnikov, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

Self-organization laws determine all natural processes from Space to Life. It is known the role of the fluctuations for the transition from dissipative structures to order (I. Prigogine). In the paper (Vestn. Leningrad Univ. 1991, ser. Physics, n. 25, P. 38-43), Prudnikov and Shapkina have proposed the description of the processes of self-organization on the fluctuation level. According to this criterion the level of self-organization of natural process may be presented by the following manner:
Ls = [lo2 + (kd + 2RAlo)Sin + A2Si2n2 + kkSi3n3 + knSi4n4]1/2 (1)
Where Ls is the absolute level of self-organization of the given natural process, or the random fluctuations in this process; lo is the zero level of self-organization, or the fluctuations for other processes of this system; Si is the sensitivity of the process to the different influences, or the instability of the process, which is determined by the theory of the examined natural process and includes the flow of the energy in the system; n is the scale of the process, which is characterized by the quantity of the substance in this process or the substance concentration; kd, A, kk and kn are the coefficients of the individual levels of the self-organization; R is the coefficient of the co-correlation. According to the equation (1), the value of Si-1 determines the stability of the system in the conditions of the different influences. The equation (1) demands to observe the five levels of the fundamental relations and the states for the natural processes. These levels are connected with the stability of the process and its energy in the power 0, 1, 1, 3/2, 2. The first three terms on the right-hand side of above expression characterize the linear range of the dependence of the parameters of the process from the energy and scale of the process and system, whereas the following two terms determine the non-linearity with the change of the scale of the system.
One can distinguish the five basic levels of the conditions of the substance: submicro up to elementary particles; micro up to atoms; the linear conditions of the environment up to planets; the nonlinear world from stars up to black holes and hyper nonlinear world up to great explosion. The each natural process has also the five levels of the passing from zero up to stochastic, linear, nonlinear and catastrophic level. In reason of this the development of any process from space to life passes of the stochastic, linear and nonlinear stages in the dependence of the energy and the scale of the system, and is finished the transition in new condition of the system or the catastrophe. The evolution is the continuous chain of the development process from space up to intelligent life. The time (t) is the function of the function of the speed of the process passing: t=F(Sin)= F(Ls) (2). The quantitative characteristic of the self-organization processes and their comparison may be realized most effective by use of the relative value of the level of the self-organization (Lsr):
Lsr = [lo2Si-2n-2 + (kd+2RAlo)Si-1n-1 + A + knSin + kkSi2n2]1/2 (3)
The expression (3) allows comparing the any natural processes according to the self-organization level independently the type and the theoretical basis of the processes. Here the time is connected with coefficient A, and the time is one order of the magnitude for any natural process. The theory allows tracing the evolution from space to life, from the simple systems up to complex systems, from to biological matter up to intelligent life. According to these positions the theory have not only the scientific importance, but the theory may play the essential philosophical role.